It’s encouraged for men in their 50s to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of prostate screening with their doctors. The screening incorporates an audit of your risk factors.

You should think about beginning the conversations sooner in case you have a family background of prostate cancer growth or have other risk factors.

Prostate screening tests may include:

• Digital rectal examination (DRE). During a DRE, your doctor embeds a gloved, greased up finger into your rectum to analyse your prostate, which is adjacent to the rectum. In this if your urologist discovers any irregularities in the texture, shape or size of the gland, you might require further tests.
• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm and analysed for PSA, a substance that is normally produced by your prostate. It’s possible for a modest quantity of PSA to be in your circulatory system. Nonetheless, if a higher than regular level is discovered, it might indicate prostate infection, inflammation, enlargement or cancer.

Diagnosing prostate cancer

If the prostate screening recognizes an abnormality, your doctor might prescribe further tests to decide if you have prostate malignant growth, for example,

• Ultrasound. During a transrectal ultrasound, a small probe, is embedded into your rectum. The test uses sound waves to make an image of your prostate.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In certain circumstances, your doctor might suggest an MRI scan of the prostate to make a more detailed picture. MRI might help your surgeon plan a strategy to eliminate prostate tissue.
• Collecting a sample of prostate tissue. To decide if there are cancer cells in the prostate, your urologist might prescribe a method to collect a sample of cells from your prostate (prostate biopsy). Prostate biopsy is regularly done using a thin needle that is embedded into the prostate to gather tissue. The tissue test is dissected in a lab to decide if cancer cells are available.

Deciding if prostate cancer is aggressive

At the point when a biopsy confirms the presence of cancer, the following stage is to decide the degree of aggressiveness (grade) of the cancer cells. A specialist in a lab analyses an sample of your cancer cells to decide how much cancer cells contrast from the healthy cells. A higher grade shows a more aggressive cancer that is bound to spread rapidly.

Deciding if the cancer has spread

When a prostate cancer is found, your doctor attempts to decide the degree (phase) of the cancer. To speculates your cancer might have spread beyond your prostate, at least one of the following imaging tests might be recommended:

• Bone scan
• Computerized tomography (CT) scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

Your doctor will assist with figuring out which tests are best for your individual case.

Your urologist utilizes the data from these tests to determine your cancer a phase. Prostate cancer stages are demonstrated by Roman numerals going from I to IV. The most minimal stages demonstrate the cancer is restricted to the prostate. By stage IV, the disease has developed beyond the prostate and may have spread to different areas of the body.